We encounter them every day. They could be our boss, a potential date, or a coworker. I’m talking about people who are overly self-centered and full of themselves—narcissists. Is narcissism on the rise?
In an article published in the APS Observer, psychologists W. Keith Campbell and Jean M. Twenge explore the apparent rise in narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). They point to culture as part of the reason.
Research on narcissistic personality disorder suggests that Americans in their 20s are three times more likely to experience NPD than people over the age of 60. Comparing people of the same age across decades also shows a significant increase in narcissism. As evidence, researchers discuss some of the impact that rising narcissism has. Young people are more likely to focus on achieving success, making money, and personal fame. They are more likely to have cosmetic surgery and report higher levels of self-esteem, and lower levels of empathy.
How might culture contribute to the rise in narcissism? Well, the media is certainly to blame, with its focus on self-image. The rise of social media may also play a role. In many ways, “social media is all about me.”
Another cultural element these researchers point to is the fact that parents are more likely to encourage their children to be unique. Overindulgent parents may also be a factor. I’m surprised to see a huge increase in “overindulgent parents” at all levels of education—even college.
At the leadership level, there’s evidence that narcissists are overrepresented in senior leadership positions. If any of our most beloved leaders are narcissists, this may also encourage narcissism as we notice that these self-centered people seem to be “getting ahead.”
Of course, another possibility is that we’re simply more attuned to narcissistic behavior in others, and are quick to label them. This creates a sense of a “narcissism epidemic.”
Whether or not there is a narcissism epidemic, it’s clear that the antidote to narcissism is empathy. Focusing on others, understanding their situation, and empathizing with others’ emotions and concerns helps combat narcissism. While narcissism may be on the rise, another cultural element appears to be an antidote: young people’s growing awareness of social problems and injustices. A healthy outlet for self-directed attention is reaching out to and helping others. Empathy and concern for others is key.
